What term refers to the deviation of a component or system from its expected delivery or result?

The term that refers to the deviation of a component or system from its expected delivery or result is "failure." In testing and quality assurance contexts, a failure occurs when a system or component does not perform its intended function or fails to meet the pre-defined specifications or requirements. This indicates that there is a gap between what was expected and what actually occurred during execution.

In contrast, the other terms do not capture this definition. "Finding" usually describes an observation or defect identified during testing, but it does not inherently imply that there is a failure in functionality. "Interoperability" relates to the ability of different systems or components to work together, and not specifically to deviations from expected outcomes. "Functionality," while it pertains to the features and operations of the system, does not denote a failure; rather, it refers to the expected performance of the system or component.

Thus, when discussing deviations from expected delivery or results, "failure" accurately embodies this concept within software testing and quality assurance.