Which framework describes the software development lifecycle activities, integrating testing activities into each phase?

The V-model is a software development framework that is particularly known for its emphasis on the relationship between development activities and corresponding testing activities. In this model, each development phase has a directly associated testing phase. This means that as requirements are gathered and design documents are created, testing planning happens simultaneously, allowing for a structured approach to ensure that quality is built into the product from the very beginning.

The V-model visually represents this relationship, displaying a 'V' shape where the left side represents the stages of development (like requirement analysis, system design, architecture design, and implementation), while the right side illustrates the corresponding testing phases (like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing). This integration emphasizes that testing should not only occur at the end of the development process but should be a continuous activity that flows alongside each development phase.

In contrast, while the Agile model emphasizes iterative development with a strong focus on continuous integration and testing, it does not strictly define phases like the V-model does. The Waterfall model follows a linear sequential approach, where testing occurs only after the development phase is completed, thus not integrating testing activities into each phase. The Spiral model, while iterative and risk-focused, does not specifically outline integration of testing within each defined phase