Which testing technique is targeted at specific types of defects?

The defect-based test design technique is aimed specifically at identifying and targeting particular types of defects that have been previously observed, documented, or predicted based on project experience or historical data. This approach relies on understanding common error patterns in order to create test cases that are strategically focused on these known issues. By doing so, testers can more effectively uncover these defects during the testing phase, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the software being developed.

This method contrasts with other techniques, such as functional testing, which primarily focuses on validating the functionality of the system against its requirements, without narrowing down on specific defect types. Similarly, boundary value analysis is a black-box testing technique that concentrates on boundary values of input domains rather than targeted defects. Regression testing is primarily concerned with verifying that recent changes have not adversely affected existing functionality and does not inherently focus on specific defect types. The targeted nature of the defect-based test design technique specifically makes it the most suitable choice for identifying particular kinds of defects in software testing.